Unveiling of supercomputer PARAM Rudra at IIT-Patna, Bihar

The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Patna (Bihar) launched the PARAM Rudra supercomputer, which is a state-of-the-art High-Performance Computing (HPC) system, and is the first supercomputer in Bihar.

• The PARAM Rudra supercomputer, which is a state-of-the-art High-Performance Computing (HPC) system, was launched at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Patna (Bihar), making it Bihar’s first PARAM RUDRA supercomputer.
• The launch ceremony was chaired by Additional Secretary of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) Amitesh Kumar Sinha.

Agreement for PARAM Rudra

• In May 2023, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between IIT Patna and the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) under MeitY to install the PARAM Rudra supercomputer.
• It operates at 838 teraflops and uses indigenously developed components and software, assembled in accordance with the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM).
• The PARAM Rudra system at IIT Patna enables research capabilities benefiting around 60 faculty members and 400 students across 10 departments.
• It will support work in several advanced areas such as computational astrobiology and astrochemistry, material design and molecular electronics, computational fluid mechanics and nano-bio research, AI and data science, and quantum computing.

About PARAM Rudra:

• PARAM Rudra is a high-performance supercomputer developed in India under the NSM. It is built using indigenous Rudra servers and software stack, promoting self-reliance in HPC technology.
• Significance of the name: “PARAM (Parallel Machine), a word derived from Sanskrit meaning ‘supreme’)” refers to supreme, ultimate, or highest in Sanskrit. “Rudra” is the Vedic name of the Hindu deity Lord Shiva.
• It is equipped with high-end Intel Xeon Central Processing Units (CPUs) and NVIDIA A100 Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and simulation workloads.
• It also includes large Random Access Memory (RAM) with parallel Lustre storage and high-speed InfiniBand interconnects, delivering petaflop-scale (10¹⁵ floating point operations per second, FLOPS) computing performance.

Previous deployments:

• In 2024, the PARAM Rudra supercomputer was launched at the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), Pune (Maharashtra); Inter-University Accelerator Centre (IUAC) (Delhi); and S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata (West Bengal, WB).

About National Supercomputing Mission (NSM):

• It is a flagship initiative of the Government of India (GoI) launched in 2015 with a total outlay of ₹4,500 crore.
• As of December 2025, under the NSM, 37 supercomputers with a total capacity of 39 petaflops have been deployed across the country, supporting more than 12,000 researchers.

Top supercomputers of India (by end of 2025)

• AIRAWAT-PSAI - C-DAC, Pune, 13.17 petaflops
• Arka/Arunika -, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM)/National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), 7.40 petaflops
• PARAM Siddhi-AI - C-DAC, Pune, 5.27 petaflops
• Pratyush - IITM, Pune, 4.01 petaflops
• PARAM Pravega - Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, 3.3 petaflops

Top 5 world supercomputers (2025)

• El Capitan (USA): Located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, this system achieved 2,746.38 PFlop/s using AMD processors.
• 2. Frontier (USA): Located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, this system has remained a top-tier performer with consistent rankings.
• 3. Aurora (USA): Located at Argonne National Laboratory, it is a leading exascale system.
• 4. Eagle (USA): A high-performance system listed in the top 9 in 2025.
• 5. HPC6 (Italy): A notable high-capacity system listed in the 2025 rankings.