ICAR has developed India's first indigenous African Swine Fever vaccine

India launched its first indigenous MA-104 cell line-based live attenuated African Swine Fever (ASF) vaccine, developed by ICAR-NIHSAD, Bhopal. The vaccine was introduced during the 98th Foundation Day of ICAR at the NASC Complex, New Delhi, on 16 July 2026, and was dedicated to the nation by Union Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan.

India Launched Its First Indigenous MA-104 Cell Line-Based Live Attenuated ASF Vaccine

1. Scientists at ICAR-NIHSAD created a novel attenuated ASFV Genotype II strain with specific gene deletions using an Indian field isolate, cultured in the widely available MA-104 cell line.
2.  This makes the vaccine suitable for large-scale, cost-effective production, unlike existing ASF vaccines in Vietnam that rely on patented, proprietary cell lines. 
3. The vaccine underwent thorough evaluation for sterility, safety, genetic stability, and protective efficacy and was field validated with the Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying (DAHD).

Indigenous ASF Vaccine Developed by ICAR Bolsters India's Biosecurity

The vaccine is expected to cut pig mortality, reduce economic losses, and strengthen livelihoods for pig farmers nationwide. Dr M.L. Jat, Secretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR, called it a milestone reflecting India's growing capability in veterinary science, supporting the country's Atmanirbhar Bharat goals in livestock health and animal disease preparedness.

Why Did India Need an Indigenous African Swine Fever Vaccine?

African Swine Fever, caused by the ASF virus, is one of the most destructive diseases affecting pigs, with mortality rates that can reach nearly 100 percent. Since its first detection in India in 2020, the disease has spread across several states and union territories, causing heavy pig losses and disrupting farmer livelihoods, especially in the North-East. Assam's 2020-21 outbreaks caused losses of around ₹276 crore, while Mizoram's outbreaks affected over 11,382 households by 2025, resulting in losses of nearly ₹982 crore. With no treatment or approved vaccine available earlier, control relied only on culling and biosecurity measures.