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International Current Affairs

Economy

Bulgaria Becomes 21st Country to Adopt Euro from Jan 1, 2026

Economy

Place in News

Banking and Finance

Bulgaria Becomes 21st Country to Adopt Euro from Jan 1, 2026

Utkarsh Classes

Updated: 02 Jan 2026

4 Min Read

Bulgaria Becomes 21st Country to Adopt Euro from Jan 1, 2026

The Balkan nation Bulgaria has become the 21st country to adopt the Euro on 1 January, 2026, nearly 20 years after joining the European Union (EU).

Bulgaria became the 21st country to adopt the Euro as soon as it entered the new year on 1 January, 2026, nearly 20 years after this Balkan nation joined the European Union (EU).
Bulgaria abandoned the lev currency, which had been in use since the late 19th century, and Bulgarian Euro coins were projected onto the central bank building.
In the country of 6.4 million people, successive governments have advocated joining the Euro, in the hope that it will boost the economy of the European Union’s poorest member, strengthen ties with the West, and protect it from Russia’s influence.
But Bulgarians have long been divided over this change, with many fearing that its introduction could raise prices and further increase the political instability already present in the country.
President Rumen Radev described the adoption of the Euro as the “final step” in Bulgaria’s EU integration, as thousands of people in the capital Sofia braved sub-zero temperatures to celebrate the New Year.

Euro currency

The Euro was first introduced on 1 January, 2002 in 12 countries. Croatia was the latest country to join in 2023. With Bulgaria’s inclusion, the number of Europeans using the Euro will exceed 350 million.
Major member countries: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, and Croatia.
The monetary policy of the Euro area is managed by the Frankfurt-based European Central Bank (ECB). The Czech Republic, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Sweden do not use the Euro.

Formation of the EU

The European Union (EU) was established with the signing of the Maastricht Treaty on 7 February, 1992, and this treaty came into force on 1 November, 1993, after which the European Union officially came into existence.
In 1946, at the University of Zurich in Switzerland, Winston Churchill advocated the emergence of a United States of Europe.
In 1952, under the Treaty of Paris (1951), six countries, called the Six (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands), gave up part of their sovereignty and established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) by placing their coal and steel production in a common market.
The European Court of Justice (which until 2009 was called the “Court of Justice of the European Communities”) was also established in 1952 under the Treaty of Paris.
The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) is an international organization that was established by the Euratom Treaty (1957) with the original objective.
The European Economic Community (EEC) was formed by the Treaty of Rome (1957).
It was terminated by the Lisbon Treaty-2007 and its activities were incorporated into the EU.
The Merger Treaty (1965, Brussels), in which an agreement was made to merge the three communities (ECSC, EAEC, and EEC) under a single set of institutions, resulting in the creation of the European Communities (ECs).

Balkan countries

It is a geographical region of south-eastern Europe with several geographical and historical definitions, bounded by the Adriatic Sea to the north-west of the Balkan Peninsula, the Ionian Sea to the south-west, the Aegean Sea to the south, the Turkish Straits to the east, and the Black Sea to the north-east.
The highest point of the Balkans is Musala, with an elevation of 2,925 metres (9,596 feet), located in Bulgaria’s Rila mountain range.
The concept of the Balkan Peninsula was formulated in 1808 by the German geographer August Zeune, who mistakenly considered the Balkan Mountains to be the principal mountain system of south-eastern Europe stretching from the Adriatic Sea to the Black Sea.
The term fully includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia (up to the Sava and Kupa rivers), mainland Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Northern Dobruja in Romania, Serbia (up to the Danube River), and Eastern Thrace in Turkey.
However, many definitions also include the remaining regions of Croatia, Romania, and Serbia, as well as Slovenia (up to the Kupa River). In addition, some definitions also include Hungary and Moldova due to cultural and historical factors.

About the author

Utkarsh Classes

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Utkarsh Classes' International Current Affairs provides you with the most relevant and updated information on today’s global events for RPSC RAS, Defence, Teaching, Police, SSC, Railway and other State and Central-level government competitive exams. Candidates can improve their understanding on bilateral and multilateral relations between countries, international agreements, and organisations by studying these topics regularly.

Here you will get the best compilations of International Events & News, such as Geopolitical news, Economic Developments, Humanitarian & Environmental Issues, International Treaties, Science and Technology, Summits & Conferences and much more.

Why International Current Affairs Matter in Competitive Exam Preparation?

There are several reasons why international current affairs are important for government exams.

Direct Relevance to the Exam Syllabus: Topics of international relations, global organizations, and diplomatic affairs are included in the syllabus of Government exams such as UPSC, SSC GD, Defence (Airforce Y & Airforce X), Railway, Banking and State PCS.
Enhances Analytical Ability of Future Administrators: For Administrative Services aspirants (RAS, RPSC EO & RO, UPSC & UPPCS), it is important to understand how global events will impact India and World politics (geopolitics). Keeping track of international policies, trade deals, and diplomatic changes helps them in developing clear and informed thinking.
Strengthens Interview Preparation: Important government exams like UPSC and State PCS (BPSC & UPPCS) conduct interviews, in which candidates are asked about what they think about recent global events and their effect on India from a subjective perspective. Aspirants may also be asked questions regarding international policies and diplomatic relations. Knowledge of international current affairs equips you to answer these questions easily.
Develops a Global Perspective: It’s important to understand issues such as climate change negotiations (COP meetings), economic crises (IMF, World Bank reports), global conflicts, defence partnerships and many others to develop informed and well-rounded opinions.
Connecting Current Affairs with Static Knowledge: Events from around the world influence all aspects of economies, political systems and societal frameworks. The exam questions for competitive exams (including SSC JE, SSC CHSL and Airforce XY) typically demand knowledge about world current affairs as well as international organizations, treaties, agreements and geopolitical transformations.

Key Focus Areas of International Current Affairs

To help you navigate the vast world of international news, we update international current affairs daily. They are organized into the following key areas:

Global Politics and Diplomacy: Stay updated with the key geopolitical events, international events, peace agreements and summits between diplomats. Our page covers important issues, including UN resolutions, G20 and BRICS meetings, bilateral and multilateral relations of India, Alliances, with a special focus on global policy shifts.
Economy and Trade: Follow global trends on financial markets, trade agreements (WTO negotiations, FTAs, RCEP), economic policies of major countries, & reports of the World Bank and the IMF. Learn how changes in global inflation, oil price and currency affect India's economy.
Science and Technology: Learn about the latest news around international space missions (NASA, ISRO, ESA), AI breakthroughs, cyber security and cyber crime, latest technology development and medical research. Develop a better understanding of worldwide collaborations, including India’s participation in international research projects.
Environment and Climate Change: Stay updated with the latest global climate summits (COP meetings, Paris Agreement progress), carbon emissions policies, sustainable energy innovations and India’s involvement in international environmental agreements.
Global Governance and Institutional Decisions: Keep up with the most important decisions made by the International Organisations, like the UN, WHO, WTO, IMF and World Bank, regarding global health, economic aid, trade policies, and humanitarian steps. Trace India’s engagement in these organisations and how it affects national policies.
Defence and International Military Affairs: Track major global defence developments, international military exercises, strategic security dialogues, defence pacts, and global counter-terrorism efforts. Stay informed about India’s participation in joint military exercises such as Yudh Abhyas, Malabar, Garuda, and other multilateral drills that strengthen international defence cooperation.

Why Choose Utkarsh Classes for International Current Affairs?

On Utkarsh’s platform, you will get world current affairs compilation useful for Prelims, Mains, and interviews of all major exams like RAS, SSC CGL, Teaching, Railways, and Defence exams (NDA, Airforce XY & Navy AA).

The following are some of the reasons why most candidates prefer Utkarsh Classes for International Current Affairs:

Exam-Oriented Approach: Our content is curated by subject matter experts to meet the requirements of various competitive exams. They examine PYQs and exam patterns to determine which global events, treaties, and geopolitical topics are frequently asked.
Simplified Language: Complex international events and diplomatic news are presented in a simplified and easy-to-understand language. This is essential for quickly grasping complex foreign policies and global economic reports.
Daily, Weekly and Monthly Updates with PDFs: We offer consistent updates and free PDFs suitable for your study schedule:
- Daily Current Affairs: Focused updates on the latest global news every day.
- Weekly Current Affairs: A prominent summary to revise important international events of the week.
- Monthly Current Affairs PDFs: Comprehensive monthly compilations of all global events, politics, economy, science, and technology in a downloadable format.

How to Prepare for International Current Affairs?

Here’s how you can step up your exam preparation with Utkarsh Classes:

Prioritize Exam-Relevant Topics & PYQs: Begin your preparation with the previous year's question papers (PYQ) to understand the type of questions asked. This helps you plan your study strategy and identify topics regularly asked in your targeted exam.
Connect the Dots: Deepen your understanding of International Current affairs topics by establishing connections between global events and their effects on India, as well as your state.
Regular Updates: Regularly visit our current affairs page to download the free Current Affairs PDFs to access all important news in one place.

Ready to boost your score? Start exploring the latest International Current Affairs now!

FAQs

How many months of International Current Affairs do I need for government competitive exams?

Focus on at least 6 to 12 months of International Current Affairs for most of the One-day competitive exams. For multi-level exams such as RAS and SSC CGL, RRB NTPC, Group D cover International Current affairs from the last 1 to 1.5 years (especially Global Summits and MoU/agreements).

What kind of International Current Affairs questions come in the SSC, Railway and Teaching exams?

These exams ask direct factual questions based on Static GK and current affairs. Focus more on global summits and their host countries, appointments, awards and “Firsts” related to India’s global role.

Utkarsh Classes’ International Current Affairs are suitable for which competitive exams?

Our International Current Affairs is suitable for all major State and Central-level government competitive exams, including:

RPSC RAS, Central Civil Services, and other State PCS exams.
SSC MTS, SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, and other SSC examinations.
Defence Exam, Railway NTPC, RRB ALP, RRB Group D, and other Railway examinations.
Teaching and Police examinations like Delhi Police, REET, BSTC, etc.

How does Utkarsh’s International Current Affairs section help in my exam preparation?

Our International Current Affairs section contains important world news from trusted sources, helping you quickly cover all important events without needing to browse multiple sources.

Home

International Current Affairs

Economy

Bulgaria Becomes 21st Country to Adopt Euro from Jan 1, 2026

Economy

Place in News

Banking and Finance

Bulgaria Becomes 21st Country to Adopt Euro from Jan 1, 2026

Utkarsh Classes

Updated: 02 Jan 2026

4 Min Read

The Balkan nation Bulgaria has become the 21st country to adopt the Euro on 1 January, 2026, nearly 20 years after joining the European Union (EU).

Bulgaria became the 21st country to adopt the Euro as soon as it entered the new year on 1 January, 2026, nearly 20 years after this Balkan nation joined the European Union (EU).
Bulgaria abandoned the lev currency, which had been in use since the late 19th century, and Bulgarian Euro coins were projected onto the central bank building.
In the country of 6.4 million people, successive governments have advocated joining the Euro, in the hope that it will boost the economy of the European Union’s poorest member, strengthen ties with the West, and protect it from Russia’s influence.
But Bulgarians have long been divided over this change, with many fearing that its introduction could raise prices and further increase the political instability already present in the country.
President Rumen Radev described the adoption of the Euro as the “final step” in Bulgaria’s EU integration, as thousands of people in the capital Sofia braved sub-zero temperatures to celebrate the New Year.

Euro currency

The Euro was first introduced on 1 January, 2002 in 12 countries. Croatia was the latest country to join in 2023. With Bulgaria’s inclusion, the number of Europeans using the Euro will exceed 350 million.
Major member countries: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, and Croatia.
The monetary policy of the Euro area is managed by the Frankfurt-based European Central Bank (ECB). The Czech Republic, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Sweden do not use the Euro.

Formation of the EU

The European Union (EU) was established with the signing of the Maastricht Treaty on 7 February, 1992, and this treaty came into force on 1 November, 1993, after which the European Union officially came into existence.
In 1946, at the University of Zurich in Switzerland, Winston Churchill advocated the emergence of a United States of Europe.
In 1952, under the Treaty of Paris (1951), six countries, called the Six (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands), gave up part of their sovereignty and established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) by placing their coal and steel production in a common market.
The European Court of Justice (which until 2009 was called the “Court of Justice of the European Communities”) was also established in 1952 under the Treaty of Paris.
The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) is an international organization that was established by the Euratom Treaty (1957) with the original objective.
The European Economic Community (EEC) was formed by the Treaty of Rome (1957).
It was terminated by the Lisbon Treaty-2007 and its activities were incorporated into the EU.
The Merger Treaty (1965, Brussels), in which an agreement was made to merge the three communities (ECSC, EAEC, and EEC) under a single set of institutions, resulting in the creation of the European Communities (ECs).

Balkan countries

It is a geographical region of south-eastern Europe with several geographical and historical definitions, bounded by the Adriatic Sea to the north-west of the Balkan Peninsula, the Ionian Sea to the south-west, the Aegean Sea to the south, the Turkish Straits to the east, and the Black Sea to the north-east.
The highest point of the Balkans is Musala, with an elevation of 2,925 metres (9,596 feet), located in Bulgaria’s Rila mountain range.
The concept of the Balkan Peninsula was formulated in 1808 by the German geographer August Zeune, who mistakenly considered the Balkan Mountains to be the principal mountain system of south-eastern Europe stretching from the Adriatic Sea to the Black Sea.
The term fully includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia (up to the Sava and Kupa rivers), mainland Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Northern Dobruja in Romania, Serbia (up to the Danube River), and Eastern Thrace in Turkey.
However, many definitions also include the remaining regions of Croatia, Romania, and Serbia, as well as Slovenia (up to the Kupa River). In addition, some definitions also include Hungary and Moldova due to cultural and historical factors.

About the author

Utkarsh Classes

Company

Our Offline Centers

Visit an Offline Centre Near to You.

Jodhpur

Explore

Jaipur

Explore

Why International Current Affairs Matter in Competitive Exam Preparation?

There are several reasons why international current affairs are important for government exams.

Direct Relevance to the Exam Syllabus: Topics of international relations, global organizations, and diplomatic affairs are included in the syllabus of Government exams such as UPSC, SSC GD, Defence (Airforce Y & Airforce X), Railway, Banking and State PCS.
Enhances Analytical Ability of Future Administrators: For Administrative Services aspirants (RAS, RPSC EO & RO, UPSC & UPPCS), it is important to understand how global events will impact India and World politics (geopolitics). Keeping track of international policies, trade deals, and diplomatic changes helps them in developing clear and informed thinking.
Strengthens Interview Preparation: Important government exams like UPSC and State PCS (BPSC & UPPCS) conduct interviews, in which candidates are asked about what they think about recent global events and their effect on India from a subjective perspective. Aspirants may also be asked questions regarding international policies and diplomatic relations. Knowledge of international current affairs equips you to answer these questions easily.
Develops a Global Perspective: It’s important to understand issues such as climate change negotiations (COP meetings), economic crises (IMF, World Bank reports), global conflicts, defence partnerships and many others to develop informed and well-rounded opinions.
Connecting Current Affairs with Static Knowledge: Events from around the world influence all aspects of economies, political systems and societal frameworks. The exam questions for competitive exams (including SSC JE, SSC CHSL and Airforce XY) typically demand knowledge about world current affairs as well as international organizations, treaties, agreements and geopolitical transformations.

Key Focus Areas of International Current Affairs

To help you navigate the vast world of international news, we update international current affairs daily. They are organized into the following key areas:

Global Politics and Diplomacy: Stay updated with the key geopolitical events, international events, peace agreements and summits between diplomats. Our page covers important issues, including UN resolutions, G20 and BRICS meetings, bilateral and multilateral relations of India, Alliances, with a special focus on global policy shifts.
Economy and Trade: Follow global trends on financial markets, trade agreements (WTO negotiations, FTAs, RCEP), economic policies of major countries, & reports of the World Bank and the IMF. Learn how changes in global inflation, oil price and currency affect India's economy.
Science and Technology: Learn about the latest news around international space missions (NASA, ISRO, ESA), AI breakthroughs, cyber security and cyber crime, latest technology development and medical research. Develop a better understanding of worldwide collaborations, including India’s participation in international research projects.
Environment and Climate Change: Stay updated with the latest global climate summits (COP meetings, Paris Agreement progress), carbon emissions policies, sustainable energy innovations and India’s involvement in international environmental agreements.
Global Governance and Institutional Decisions: Keep up with the most important decisions made by the International Organisations, like the UN, WHO, WTO, IMF and World Bank, regarding global health, economic aid, trade policies, and humanitarian steps. Trace India’s engagement in these organisations and how it affects national policies.
Defence and International Military Affairs: Track major global defence developments, international military exercises, strategic security dialogues, defence pacts, and global counter-terrorism efforts. Stay informed about India’s participation in joint military exercises such as Yudh Abhyas, Malabar, Garuda, and other multilateral drills that strengthen international defence cooperation.

Why Choose Utkarsh Classes for International Current Affairs?

The following are some of the reasons why most candidates prefer Utkarsh Classes for International Current Affairs:

Exam-Oriented Approach: Our content is curated by subject matter experts to meet the requirements of various competitive exams. They examine PYQs and exam patterns to determine which global events, treaties, and geopolitical topics are frequently asked.
Simplified Language: Complex international events and diplomatic news are presented in a simplified and easy-to-understand language. This is essential for quickly grasping complex foreign policies and global economic reports.
Daily, Weekly and Monthly Updates with PDFs: We offer consistent updates and free PDFs suitable for your study schedule:
- Daily Current Affairs: Focused updates on the latest global news every day.
- Weekly Current Affairs: A prominent summary to revise important international events of the week.
- Monthly Current Affairs PDFs: Comprehensive monthly compilations of all global events, politics, economy, science, and technology in a downloadable format.

How to Prepare for International Current Affairs?

Here’s how you can step up your exam preparation with Utkarsh Classes:

Prioritize Exam-Relevant Topics & PYQs: Begin your preparation with the previous year's question papers (PYQ) to understand the type of questions asked. This helps you plan your study strategy and identify topics regularly asked in your targeted exam.
Connect the Dots: Deepen your understanding of International Current affairs topics by establishing connections between global events and their effects on India, as well as your state.
Regular Updates: Regularly visit our current affairs page to download the free Current Affairs PDFs to access all important news in one place.

Ready to boost your score? Start exploring the latest International Current Affairs now!

FAQs

How many months of International Current Affairs do I need for government competitive exams?

What kind of International Current Affairs questions come in the SSC, Railway and Teaching exams?

Utkarsh Classes’ International Current Affairs are suitable for which competitive exams?

Our International Current Affairs is suitable for all major State and Central-level government competitive exams, including:

RPSC RAS, Central Civil Services, and other State PCS exams.
SSC MTS, SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, and other SSC examinations.
Defence Exam, Railway NTPC, RRB ALP, RRB Group D, and other Railway examinations.
Teaching and Police examinations like Delhi Police, REET, BSTC, etc.

How does Utkarsh’s International Current Affairs section help in my exam preparation?

Our International Current Affairs section contains important world news from trusted sources, helping you quickly cover all important events without needing to browse multiple sources.