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International Day of Indigenous Peoples or Tribal Day

Utkarsh Classes Last Updated 06-01-2024
International Day of Indigenous Peoples or Tribal Day Important Day 6 min read

Every year 9 August is observed as the International Day of Indigenous Peoples. Indigenous peoples  are also popularly called as tribal peoples. The day is observed to raise awareness about the contribution of the Indigenous people and protect their rights.

Background:

  • The International Day of the World’s Indigenous Peoples is celebrated annually on 9 August. It was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 1994, in resolution 49/214. The date marks the first meeting, in 1982, of the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations. The day provides an opportunity for indigenous peoples to share their perspectives and concerns on a global stage. It also aims to promote a better understanding of indigenous issues among governments, non-governmental organizations, and the general public.
  • The first International day of the Indigenous People was observed in 1995.

Theme 2023:

  • The theme for International Day Of World's Indigenous People 2023 is 'Indigenous Youth as Agents of Change for Self-determination'.
  • This theme highlights the important role that indigenous youth play in promoting and protecting the rights of their peoples. Indigenous youth are often at the forefront of movements for social change, and they are using their voices to raise awareness of the challenges facing their communities. They are also using their skills and talents to build a better future for their people.

Tribal population in India :

  • 10.42 crore Indians are notified as ‘Scheduled Tribes’ (STs), of which 1.04 crores live in urban areas.
  • STs constitute 8.9% of the country’s total population.
  • The sex ratio among Scheduled Tribes is 990 females per 1,000 males, a significant increase from 978 in the 2001 Census.
  • Madhya Pradesh has the highest Scheduled Tribe population (14.7 per cent). Meghalaya has the lowest (2.5 per cent).
  • Bhil is the largest tribe in India.

Constitutional provisions:

  • Article 46 of the Constitution provides that the State shall promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the society and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation.
  • Article 243D provides reservation of Seats for Scheduled Tribes in Panchayats.
  • Article 330 provides reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.
  • Article 332 provides reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in Legislative Assemblies of the States.
  • Article 338A There should be a National Commission for Scheduled Tribe in India.

Tribe

Region

Festival

Munda

Chota Nagpur Plateau

Mage Parab 

Santhals

West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand and Assam.

Karam 

Angami

Nagaland

Sekrenyi 

Bhils

Central India

Baneshwar 

Chenchus

Andhra Pradesh 

Bhramaramba Jathara

Khasis

Assam and Meghalaya

Nongkrem

Bhutias

Sikkim

Losar and Losoong 

Gonds

Central India 

Keslapur Jatra 

Gaddis

Himachal Pradesh

Namagen dance

Garo

Meghalaya

Wangala 

Zeliang

Nagaland

Hega 

Rengma

Nagaland

Ngada 

Ao

Nagaland

Moatsü Mong, Tsüngrem Mong

Lushai

Manipur/Mizoram

Bamboo dance/ Cheraw dance

Kuki

Manipur

Mim Kut

Chakesang

Nagaland

Tsukhenyi

Limboos

Sikkim

Teyongsi Sirijunga Sawan Tongnam

Lepchas

Sikkim

Tendong Lho Rum

Apatani

Arunachal Pradesh

Dree and Myoko

Nyishis

Arunachal Pradesh

Nyokum 

Adis

Arunachal Pradesh

Solung, Etor

Sema/Sumi Nagas

Nagaland

Tuluni 

Konyak 

Nagaland

Aoleang

Reang

Tripura

Hodaigi 

Mishing

Assam

Ali-Aye-Ligang

Karbi

Assam

Chojun Puja

Kols

Madhya Pradesh

Jawara

Bonda

Odisha

Sume-Gelirak

Irulas 

Tamil Nadu

Masi Magam

Badagas

Tamil Nadu

Hethai Habba

Uralis

Kerala

Malankoothu

Sentinelese, Jarawa, Onge and Shompen

Andaman & Nicobar Island

 

Pangwal

Himachal Pradesh.

Jukaru

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